When considering an aquaponics system, it is important to recognize that fish play a vital role in providing organic fertilizer for the plants. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully choose the appropriate fish species that can thrive in the specific conditions of your setup. If you are new to aquaponics and aiming to adopt this sustainable practice, starting with a mini aquaponics system can be a great way to begin your journey. Nonetheless, it is important to note that a smaller system would necessitate smaller fish. Consequently, this leads us to inquire about the most suitable fish for mini aquaponics.
When considering aquaponics, it is most suitable to use small ornamental fish. Although both edible and ornamental fish can be found in traditional systems, the limited size of a mini setup only allows for enough space to raise specific types of fish.
Why Build A Mini Aquaponics System?
To gain insight into the potential of the farming method, it is recommended to start with a small aquaponics system. Beginners will also realize that significant upfront and maintenance expenses are involved in this system. Therefore, in order to determine if aquaponics is a viable option for food or income, it is advisable to begin with a small-scale garden.
By setting up a mini aquaponics, you can gain firsthand knowledge in handling a larger aquaponics ecosystem. Whether you have a small or large-scale system, the maintenance tasks involved in sustaining an aquaponics garden remain fundamentally unchanged. Therefore, it is advisable to maintain an aquaponics maintenance checklist that can assist you in monitoring your garden effectively.
The Best Fish For Aquaponics Systems
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Guppies can be raised in your aquaponics system and although they may not be the typical choice for a small garden, they are a wise option. There are 40 different species of this fish, but the most common types are the Common and Endler Guppies. The color of this fish will vary depending on the type you select, but in terms of size, the males grow to be around .6 inches to 1.4 inches long. Conversely, the females typically reach a length of 1.2 inches to 2.4 inches.
The ideal water temperature range for Guppies is 72°F to 78°F. It is recommended to maintain a pH level between 6.7 and 8.5 for optimal health. While some suggest eating Guppies, their small size makes it difficult to thoroughly clean their insides, potentially leading to bacterial infection if consumed.
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The Tetra Fish is another type of fish that you can raise in your mini garden. There are almost 150 species of Tetra Fish, but the most common ones are Neon, Serpae, Glowlight, Cardinal, and Diamond Tetras. These fish typically grow to about 1.5 inches in length.
The Tetra Fish is native to the Amazon jungle, making it thrive in water temperatures between 70°F and 81°F. In terms of pH level, these fish require it to be maintained within a range of 6 to 7. It is crucial to consistently monitor and sustain these parameters, as any fluctuations can result in the death of your fish. While raising this breed can be challenging, understanding the proper care methods will guarantee your success in cultivating these fish.
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The Goldfish is both a commonly used fish in aquaponics and one of the most popular ornamental fish. It comes in two varieties; the twin-tailed and the single-tailed. When kept in small fish tanks, this fish typically grows to a length of 1 to 2 inches and does not exceed 6 inches in size. However, Goldfish living in the wild can reach lengths of 12 to 14 inches when fully matured.
These fish have a preference for water temperatures ranging from 65°F to 72°F. They have an ideal pH range of 7.2 to 7.6.
Tropical fish are characterized by their vibrant colors and are found in warm waters. These fish are native to tropical regions and can thrive in aquariums as long as the water temperature is maintained at a suitable level. The combination of their bright colors and unique patterns makes tropical fish highly sought after by aquarium enthusiasts. Additionally, they come in a wide variety of species, such as angelfish, clownfish, and guppies, each having its own distinct characteristics and care requirements. Overall, tropical fish are a popular choice for aquariums due to their stunning beauty and ability to adapt to different environments.
Aquaponics enthusiasts can consider adding tropical fish to their system to enhance its aesthetic appeal and enjoyment. Some suitable options include suckermouth fish, cichlids, mollies, clown loaches, and tetras. To ensure the well-being of tropical fish, it is essential to incorporate a heater in the tank. For the Common Suckerfish (Hypostomus plecostomus), it is recommended to use a tank size of 150+ gallons as these fish can grow up to two feet in length and exhibit aggressive behavior. In smaller tanks, the Albino Bushynose Pleco (Ancitrus temminkii) is a suitable choice, growing up to only five inches while effectively eliminating algae.
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Tilapia are well-suited for larger aquaponics systems and are widely recognized in this field. They can be easily bred and grow rapidly, reaching up to 500g in just 6 months. They thrive in warmer water with temperatures ranging between 65° and 85° F. Harvesting tilapia for consumption provides an excellent source of lean protein. Having the ability to grow fish for personal consumption enhances the aquaponics system by adding fresh fish and produce that originates from one’s own home. Breeding tilapia is not challenging, as they can begin reproduction at 7-8 months old. One simple method of obtaining a breeding pair is to allow at least 5-6 fish to grow together, forming their own pairs.
The channel catfish is a type of fish known for its long, slender body and distinctive whisker-like appendages, called barbels, on its face. It is typically found in freshwater environments, such as rivers, lakes, and ponds. Channel catfish are known to be opportunistic feeders, meaning they will eat a variety of foods, including insects, small fish, and plant matter. They can grow to be quite large, with some individuals reaching sizes of up to 40 pounds or more. Due to their popularity among anglers, channel catfish are often stocked in fishing ponds and lakes for recreational fishing purposes. Additionally, they are also commercially farmed for food production.
Catfish are well-suited for large-scale systems due to their adaptability. They possess rapid growth, an excellent food conversion ratio, and can be harvested for consumption. Additionally, catfish are a good source of Vitamin D. These fish have a preference for water temperatures ranging from 75° – 86° F, although they can tolerate temperatures between 41° – 93°. It is recommended to house these fish in a fish tank of 250+ gallons, as they can grow to sizes of 40 – 50 lbs. Catfish exhibit resistance to numerous diseases and parasites, and they also tolerate significant fluctuations in pH and temperature.
Koi are considered to be ornamental domesticated varieties of common carp. They are often kept in outdoor ponds or water gardens for their beautiful and vivid colors. These colorful fish are originated from Asia, particularly from Japan. Koi are highly valued for their aesthetic appeal and are often seen as symbols of good luck, prosperity, and perseverance. They have been selectively bred over time to develop specific color patterns, such as Kohaku (white body with red markings) and Taisho Sanke (white body with red and black markings). Due to their popularity, Koi are now found in many parts of the world and are enjoyed by enthusiasts and collectors alike.
Koi fish, always beautiful, thrive in aquaponics systems and add a pop of color. Although they can technically be eaten, they are quite bony and can be hard to cook. Koi can live a long time and are resistant to parasites. They can tolerate a wide pH range and temperatures from 35° to 85° F. Given their potential size of 12-36 inches, Koi are most comfortable in a tank that holds 200 gallons or more. Transforming Koi ponds into aquaponics systems can make them even more beautiful and enhance water quality.
To ensure the best chance of success for both yourself and your fish in your aquaponics systems, bear in mind the criteria mentioned above when selecting a fish species. Opt for those that thrive in climatic conditions similar to your local area. It is generally advised that the larger the tank, the more margin for error.
Handy Aquaponic Tips
- Most aquaponic fish prefer a neutral pH and thrive in consistent water quality. Be mindful when adding water to your system.
- Try using an algae-eating fish to keep your tank and decorations tidy.
- African Dwarf Frogs & aquatic turtles have the ability to thrive in an aquaponics system but they can carry Salmonella, so please do not grow edibles. Try growing non-edible plants like milkweed or ornamentals!
- Feed your fish twice a day! Careful not to overfeed and let food touch the bottom of your tank. Uneaten food interferes with your ECO-Cycle’s water quality and too much will become harmful to fish.
- Quarantine aquatic plants before putting them into your tank – just in case they are carrying snail eggs or other organisms that can cause harm to the ECO-Cycle.
- Fish that are adaptable to temperature change are the best option, and temperature consistency is best for any system.
- Gradually add fish to your system. Adding fish too quickly can spike ammonia levels and become dangerous.
